Volume 30, Issue 2, 2021
DOI: 10.24205/03276716.2020.4003
Maslach Burnout Inventory: Factorial structure and reliability in university students in the health area of Chile -MBI-HSS in students in the health area of Chile
Abstract
Background: Academic burnout has been understood both as a consequence and response to permanent stress linked to the role, activity, and academic environment of an insidious nature and evil consequences that may affect the development, the understanding, and the satisfaction of students in their education and academic life. To evaluate the social dimension within the educational process, there is the MBI-HSS, of which there is little evidence of its psychometric properties.
Methods: The present quantitative study of relational analytical scope was carried out through a cross-sectional, non-experimental design by means of a survey. Through non-probabilistic quota sampling, a sample of 426 students from four undergraduate health programs was obtained: Medicine, Kinesiology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, and Speech Therapy, using the career coursed by the students as a segmentation criterion. The students responded to a version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), specifically of the MBI-HSS. An Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed, using the Main Axis Analysis extraction method (MAA),
Subsequently, to estimate the internal consistency of the identified factors, the Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient of each item was calculated. In addition to evaluating the discriminant capacity of the items, the correlation of each item with the corrected total score of its factor was calculated.
Results: The analyzes showed the presence of three factors: Emotional Exhaustion, Lack of Personal Accomplishment, and Depersonalization, all with adequate reliability.
Conclusion: The results of this study are consistent with the original proposal by Maslach et al., 1981, which proposes a three-factor model made up of the factors of Emotional Exhaustion, Lack of Personal Accomplishment, and Depersonalization. Also, the results of this study demonstrate an adequate factorial structure and reliability of the MBI-HSS questionnaire, demonstrating that it is a useful tool for evaluating academic burnout in university students in health careers.
Keywords
burnout, Maslach Burnout Inventory, stress, university students